Education

PHD, 1989, Hungarian Academy of Science, Hungary
MD, 1980, Semmelweis University Medical School, Hungary

Relevant Publications

Cellular mosaicism for X-linked polymorphisms and IRAK1 expression presents a distinct phenotype and improves survival following sepsis. Chandra R, Federici S, Nemeth ZH, Csoka B, Thomas JA, Donnelly R, Spolarics Z. J Leukoc Biol. 2014 Mar;95(3):497-507. PMID: 24193737

Female X-chromosome mosaicism for NOX2 deficiency presents unique inflammatory phenotype and improves outcome in polymicrobial sepsis. Chandra R, Federici S, Nemeth ZH, Horvath B, Pacher P, Hasko G, Deitch EA, Spolarics Z. J Immunol. 2011 Jun 1;186(11):6465-73. PMID: 21502376

Female X-chromosome mosaicism for gp91phox expression diversifies leukocyte responses during endotoxemia. Chandra R, Federici S, Hasko G, Deitch EA, Spolarics Z. Crit Care Med. 2010 Oct;38(10):2003-10. PMID: 20657276

The X-files of inflammation: cellular mosaicism of X-linked polymorphic genes and the female advantage in the host response to injury and infection. Spolarics Z. Shock. 2007 Jun;27(6):597-604. PMID: 17505297

X chromosome, gender and the host response to injury and infection

Individuals respond to environmental and biological challenges differently due to
small differences in their genetic makeup, which is called genetic polymorphism.
Recovery from injuries and infections also shows sex differences indicating worsened
outcomes in males than females. Dr. Spolarics' current projects focus on the X
chromosome because it is not only rich in polymorphic immuno-regulatory genes but X-
linked gene expressions are also uniquely different between males and females. The
impacts of X chromosome-associated sex differences on the innate immune response are
investigated in animal models as well as in humans who suffered severe injuries or
developed sepsis.